THE GOVERNMENT MUST PROVIDE QUALITY EDUCATION SERVICES AND FACILITATE QUALITY EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This study aims to further examine the role of the government in providing and facilitating quality education in Indonesia. Education is a fundamental right of citizens guaranteed by the constitution, but reality shows that there are still gaps in quality and unequal access between regions. Through a Systematic Literature Review approach, this study analyses various policies, studies, and empirical reports over the past ten years. The results of the study show that in its role as a provider, the government has sought to improve the quality of education through the development of a national curriculum, teacher certification, infrastructure development, and quality assurance. Meanwhile, the government's role as a facilitator is realised through education financing programmes (BOS, KIP, LPDP), affirmation for 3T regions, digitalisation of learning, inclusive education, and cross-sector collaboration. Although these policies have shown progress, challenges such as quality disparities, limited resource distribution, and the digital divide still hinder the achievement of quality education across the board. This study emphasises that the success of education provision and facilitation will determine the emergence of competitive global human resources while ensuring social justice in education.